02Calculator
DSCR, debt yield and loan sizing
Three tests are run independently and the smallest answer wins. This one shows all three, names the one that bound, and tells you the gap to the next — which is the only part you can negotiate.
- Underwritten NOI
- Three sizing tests
- The binding constraint, named
- Cap rate, DSCR and debt yield
Illustrative only. Bollard is a fictional business built as a website demonstration — the figures below are worked examples, not an offer, a quote or a rate sheet.
Maximum loan
$1,015,000
Bound by LTV
- Loan to value—
- Debt service coverage—
- Debt yield—
Underwritten NOI
—
after vacancy, expenses and reserves
DSCR at that loan
—
income ÷ debt service
Debt yield
—
income ÷ loan
Cap rate
—
income ÷ value
Net operating income, line by line
What a lender actually underwrites
| Line | Annual | Per sq ft |
|---|
Sensitivity
Where the binding constraint changes hands
Rate moved ±150 basis points, everything else held
| Rate | By LTV | By DSCR | By debt yield | Maximum | Bound by |
|---|
Every input on this page lives in the address bar, so the link below reproduces exactly what you are looking at.
Assumptions and limits
What this model does and does not do
Net operating income is built the way an underwriter builds it: gross potential rent less vacancy, less operating expenses, less a replacement reserve applied whether or not the seller budgets one. Debt service is excluded from expenses by definition.
Coverage is tested at the rate you enter. Many lenders test at a stressed rate above the note rate, which sizes the loan smaller — raise the rate slider to see what that does.
Loan sizing assumes a constant payment on a fixed rate over the amortisation you choose. Interest-only periods, earn-outs, holdbacks and mezzanine pieces are outside this model.
The figures are yours; the floors are yours. Nothing here reflects any lender's actual credit policy.
The other five
Next bay
Model it, then let someone check it
Calculators answer the arithmetic. What they cannot tell you is whether a lender will believe your net operating income, or which programme your equity actually supports.
Or call the desk
(816) 555-0142Monday to Friday, 8am – 6pm Central
A demonstration number in the range reserved for fiction. It does not ring anywhere.